Most children have reading to do as part of their daily homework. I know many parents question the value of homework in general but I promise you, no matter where you sit on the question of homework - reading is ALWAYS a good way for your child to spend time. I am passionate about books and so far I've raised book-loving children too. I don't claim to be an expert in literacy but I'm happy to share my successes in this regard with other parents in the hope that adopting some of the same approaches may improve your experience of reading at home too. In this blog post, I will focus on homework reading and I have summarised my tips for parents at the bottom.
My approach to reading homework has always been to try to inject some entertainment value to the job at hand. Let's be honest, some school readers especially early readers, are dull as dishwater with little or no plot going on because the function of the book is not the telling of a gripping story but rather to expose the reader to certain phonics and letter formations. The younger child's intense concentration on sounding out words within sentences can result in the meaning of a passage being completely lost on them, making the process less enjoyable. Therefore, extra effort is required on the part of parents to make homework reading with young children a less mundane, dare we say it, enjoyable, experience. From 1st class, I even allowed my daughter to ditch school readers as long as she read a book of her own choosing for the required time as part of her homework. More about that later.
ATTITUDE
I recommend always sitting down with your younger reader. Your attitude to the 'task' of reading is essential. I know it's easier said than done but if you are stressed, distracted or giving off resentful vibes, your child will pick that up and associate those same feelings with their reading homework. Lots of positive vibes; smiles, cuddles and setting aside time to read calmly will mean it goes more smoothly. If your child sees that you look forward to reading with them, they will too.
TIMING
As with any part of homework, choosing the right time of the day to do it is essential. Too soon after school or leaving it too close to bedtime, will likely mean that your child will be too tired and cranky to focus. After schoo, I give the children some 'down time' to relax or play outside followed by a snack and drink before homework is attempted. This allows their brains to recharge, they got some fresh air and they re-fuel. I know my son well enough to know that he won't get an iota of work done on an empty stomach!
TALKING
Once you're settled into your 'reading spot' together, check your child's homework journal for the pages of required reading. Young children can often misunderstand oral instructions in class and think that they have to read the entire book. Once you know what your child has to read, take a moment to admire their book. I always read out the title, author, illustrator and often the 'blurb' at the back of a new reader. I show great interest in every book presented to me. We talk about the people involved in producing the book e.g. "Wow, I really like Quentin Blake's drawings in this book!" My daughter particularly enjoys the word "blurb" and she used to giggle asking me; "shall I read out the BLURB to you Mom?" This conversation may take only a minute or so but it sets the reading of the book in context. The child can see it for what it is - a story book - not just a task. Someone took the time to write it and illustrate it. It's a bit like admiring a plate of food in front of you before tucking in. It will be all the more enjoyable, if you take a moment to admire the artistry of the chef, the aromas and the ingredients used to create the feast before you. I suppose it's teaching the child how to appreciate a book for it's creativity and for the possibilities that lie inside it. Likewise, taking moments to talk about what just happened or what we think may happen next serve to keep your child's interest alive. Particularly emotive passages are well worthwhile pausing on to encourage your child to talk about what they're thinking. Questions such as; "what do you think about Joey's actions there?", "What would you have done in that situation?" are the types of questions I found to illicit good conversation.
GUIDING
Allowing your child the time to sound out words can be frustrating, for both of you. I am not a patient person naturally so I literally used to sit on my hands and clamp my mouth shut, to prevent me from blurting out the word! Patience does pay off when you allow your child to work out a difficult word using the skills that they've learned in school, because you will notice how much their confidence grows from those small achievements. I made the mistake of correcting my child's mispronunciations immediately after a word which only elicited anger and frustration. I learned to allow her to finish a sentence or paragraph before drawing her attention to the sentence in which she had made "one small mistake". I also learned that it was better to give her the chance to re-try the word before jumping in with my corrected version. Again, it's all about empowering your child to fix their own mistakes. In my the case of my aforementioned, headstrong daughter, she came up with a code that she would squeeze my hand if she wanted my input and otherwise I was remain silent (!). If you notice over time that your child is continuing to struggle, make a note of particular words or readers that they had difficulty with and make a point of having a word with their teacher. Chances are if there is a problem, your child's teacher will be calling you first but as the child's parent, you are in the best position to know when s/he is out of their depth or that something is not quite right. Early intervention is key so that you can arm yourself with the right supports for your child's needs. Your child's teacher can offer you guidance on the best course of action.
PRAISE
It's a cliché but lots of praise is so important. Praise can be verbal but so as not to interrupt train of thought or flow of reading, praise can be communicated in a gesture, an utterance or a look. Smiling encouragement, an affectionate rub on their back or a murmur of appreciation following a difficult word is a soothing balm. Showing your child how impressed you are with their progress and how much you enjoy their reading is so encouraging.
ANALYSING
I encourage my children to think about what they're reading. The reason for this is twofold; by me asking a question about a passage or a character shows them that I'm listening with interest and it reinforces their learning. If my child has just read a word that I think may be knew to them, I can prompt a thought about that word e.g. "what other word do you know that means the same thing?" or as they get older "why do you think the author chose X word rather than Y word to express that?" This kind of discussion is really helpful in developing the child's written expression too. Sometimes similar words can have subtle differences in their meaning and it can be fun to work out how to best explain that together. There are endless 'games' that you can play with words. My children enjoy adjective (a word that describes a person/place/thing) games around the dinner table. E.g. How many alternative ways can we describe "the 'cold' day? Bitter, icy, freezing, Wintry etc.
TIRED
If your child is having a particularly hard time reading a new book or s/he is just having a bad day, offer them an incentive to complete the reading. For example, I would suggest that I read every second sentence for them. If employing this method with younger children, remember to read slowly, enunciating each word clearly and underlining each word with your finger as you say them. Sometimes on tired days I know my daughter's attention will flag, I offer for her to read only the dialogue passages and I dare her to put on the funniest voices possible for each character. This usually raises her energy levels and she looks forward to each passage of dialogue so she can delight me with her fantastic impressions of each character. Before we know it, the pages are read.
Going back to my reference to allowing said daughter to read books of her own choosing, I want to clarify that obviously in younger years, teachers assign certain readers to their students based on their reading group's abilities and to support literacy work carried out in the classroom. Therefore, I would suggest talking to your younger child's teacher before swapping out his reading material at homework time. In the case of my own child, I knew that she was a very competent reader and in the top group in her class, so I wasn't concerned about that slipping. I was more concerned about her love of reading fading. She was already my reluctant reader at home, naturally more inclined to sports and active pursuits and therefore fussier about her reading material. At the time, she had begun to dread homework reading. While the language was at an acceptable level for her ability, the books did not offer any entertainment value. Frankly, they were boring. I don't believe reading should ever be done as a chore, it should always be done for pleasure. So I made a decision as a parent, knowing my daughter, to change out her readers for books from her own library at home. I knew she would not be disadvantaged in anyway and I was protecting her relationship with reading. At the time, she chose to read books about an all girls soccer team The Kicks by Alex Morgan which captured her interest. Two years on, she's still reading strong and I'm happy that I made the right decision at that time.
BEDTIME READING
Finally, I would urge you not to allow homework reading to replace your normal bedtime reading. Allowing your child to select a book from the shelf at home, at the library or in a book store is such an enjoyable part of the reading experience. It gives them ownership of it. No matter how fun you try to make homework reading, it will always be something that they HAVE to do and raising your children to become readers has so much to do with allowing them to make CHOICES about reading so that it becomes a part of their lifestyle. Save bedtime reading for pure pleasure; for cuddles, fairytales, fables and stories that are silly, rude, scary, magical and all of the above. If you're not sure where to start, pick up any classic children's book or for inspiration, invest in 1001 Children's Books You Must Read Before You Grow Up which is jam packed with ideas. Reading aloud to children is vitally important throughout their primary school years so if they prefer, do let your child sit back, relax and enjoy your narration.
- always have a positive attitude to your child's reading homework
- sit with your younger child for the duration of reading homework
- hover close by to older children reading aloud to offer occasional commentary and encouragement or help if requested
- give your child enough time to use the skills that they've been taught in school to work out words. Resist the urge to read out difficult words for them. Agree a signal to use when they need your input.
- Resist the urge to correct an incorrectly pronounced word immediately. Give them another go at the sentence and if it's repeated, point to the word and offer them another go to focus on that word.
- Discuss words that crop up, that are new to your child. Think of language like music and talk about it in those terms e.g. do you like the sound of that word? What else does it sound like? Does it sound like it's meaning? What other word do you know that also means the that? What other way could you say that?
- Use lots of tone and characterful voices to bring a story alive and encourage them to do so too when they become more confident readers.
- For a child who may be really struggling or slow reading, offer them an incentive e.g. "you read a passage, then I'll read a passage and so on" or "when you've read it through slowly, I'll read it to you in one fluid passage" (using your best dramatic 'reading' voices) to give them the benefit of the story while they relax
- If you have any concerns about your child's reading, make an appointment to speak with their teacher
My sister is a primary school teacher and last year, she asked me to produce a leaflet for the parents of her class about supporting reading at home, which I've attached below. Please leave your own top tips in the comments. Happy reading!
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